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Vir Heroicus Sublimis
''Vir Heroicus Sublimis'' is a painting by Barnett Newman, an American painter who was a key part of the abstract expressionist movement. ''Vir Heroicus Sublimis''—"man, heroic and sublime" in Latin—attempts to evoke a reaction from its viewers because of its overwhelming scale (his largest canvas yet at the time he released it) and saturated color. The painting is part of the permanent collection of the Museum of Modern Art in New York City. 〔"MoMA | The Collection | Barnett Newman. Vir Heroicus Sublimis. 1950-51." ''MoMA | The Museum of Modern Art.'' Web. 09 May 2010. .〕
==Newman and Chromatic Abstraction==
Newman falls under the subset of chromatic abstraction, along with, most notably, Mark Rothko, which means that he uses color as the primary vehicle of expression, as opposed to the emphasis on the artistic process that was indicative of gestural abstraction. Chromatic abstraction led to the development of color field painting over the next couple decades. In both color field painting and chromatic abstraction, "color is freed from objective context and becomes the subject in itself."〔"Themes in American Art: Abstraction." ''National Gallery of Art.'' Web. 09 May 2010. .〕
Newman’s works are frequently referred to as deceptively simple, due to their lack of tangible subject and the fact that each canvas consists of only one or two colors. Working off of Jung’s idea of the collective unconscious that played a major role in developing the ideology of abstract expressionism, Newman’s painting specifically sought to take one color (in the case of ''Vir Heroicus Sublimis'', red) and remove it from its context, therefore encouraging viewers to react to the color according to their instincts, completely separated from its societal connotations.
Like most abstract expressionists, Newman worked with large-scale canvasses in an attempt to make a large impact on viewers. ''Vir Heroicus Sublimis'' was his largest attempt yet at the time he released it, at 7’ 11⅜" tall by 17’ 9¼" wide. Like his other works, ''Vir Heroicus Sublimis'' consists of a single, slightly modulated color field separated by vertical, narrow bands called "zips." Newman explained that the function of the zips was to give the work scale and serve as a contrast to the massive color field; however, they were not to be viewed as separate entities.〔Kleiner, Fred S., and Helen Gardner. "Chapter 36, Painting and Sculpture, 1945 to 1970." ''Gardner's Art through the Ages: a Global History.'' Boston, MA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2009. 975. Print.〕 "The streak was always going through the atmosphere; I kept trying to create a world around it," he said.〔Quoted in Thomas Hess, ''Barnett Newman'' (New York: Walker and Company, 1969), 51.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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